The Peace and Friendship treaties were signed in the Maritimes and Gaspé between 1725 and 1779 among the Mi'kmaq, Wolastoqey, and Passamaquoddy Nations. These treaties did not involve the surrender of land but established peaceful relations and affirmed rights to hunt, fish, and gather. In modern times, Canadian courts, including the 1999 Supreme Court decision in R v. Marshall, have reaffirmed these treaty rights.
